Machining is a process in which the shape scale or function of a workpiece is changed with a processing machine. According to the temperature state of the workpiece to be processed, it is divided into cold processing and hot processing. Generally processed at room temperature, and does not cause chemical or phase changes in the workpiece, called cold processing. Generally, processing at a state higher than or lower than normal temperature will cause chemical or phase changes in the workpiece, called hot processing. Cold processing can be divided into cutting processing and pressure processing according to the difference in processing methods.

1. Planning process and requirements:

(1) Large number of production types; (2) Analyze the process of the parts (select the new national standard); (3) Confirm the type, shape, scale and accuracy of the blank; (4) Formulate the process road. This is a key step in the development of process regulations, its main work is: select the positioning basis, confirm the processing method of each surface, arrange the processing order, confirm the degree of process convergence and dispersion, and arrange heat treatment, inspection and other auxiliary processes. When drawing up the process road, it is generally proposed several possible plans, analyzed and compared, and confirmed a plan; (5) Confirm the equipment selected for the process.

2. When selecting a mechanical processing machine tool, the following basic criteria should be paid attention to :① The processing scale of the machine tool should be adapted to the shape scale of the workpiece. ② The accuracy of the machine tool should be adapted to the accuracy of the process requirements. (3) The production rate of the machine tool should be adapted to the production type of the workpiece. If the workpiece size is too large, the accuracy requirements are too high, and there is no appropriate equipment to choose from, the machine tool should be considered for modification or planning special machine tools. At this time, the necessary data and information related to the process should be proposed in the machine tool modification (or planning) book according to the detailed process. For example: process scale, process service and technical requirements, workpiece positioning, clamping method, as well as the overall layout of the machine tool, machine tool production rate, etc.; (6) Confirm the process equipment selected for each process.

3. The selection of machining equipment should pay attention to the following criteria :① the selection of fixtures. ② The selection of the tool: in general, the standard tool should be selected as far as possible. When processing on the combined machine tool, the production is organized according to the procedure assembly criteria, and special composite tools can be selected. The selection of measuring tools: Measuring tools are mainly selected according to the type of production and the accuracy of the inspection required. Single piece of small batch production should choose the general fixture, mass production, should choose the gauge, high yield inspection fixture and inspection instrument; ⑺ confirm the processing allowance of each process, accounting process scale and service; (8) Confirm the cutting parameters of each process. However, for mass production lines, especially automatic line production, each process and work step require regular cutting parameters in order to calculate the production rhythm of each process. (9) Confirm the time quota; (10) Fill in process documentation.